German Navy.html |
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| German Navy Deutsche Marine |
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The German Navy (Deutsche Marine (listen ) is the navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces).
The German Navy traces its roots back to the Imperial Fleet (Reichsflotte) of the revolutionary era of 1848-1852 and more directly to the Prussian Navy, which later evolved into the Northern German Federal Navy (Norddeutsche Bundesmarine, 1866-1871) and became the Imperial Navy (Kaiserliche Marine, 1872-1918). From 1919 to 1921 it was known as the Temporary Imperial Navy (Vorläufige Reichsmarine) and then became the Reichsmarine. It was known as the War Navy (Kriegsmarine) from 1935 to 1945.
From 1945 to 1956, the German Mine Sweeping Administration and its successor organisations, made up of former members of the Kriegsmarine, became something of a transition stage for the German Navy, allowing the future Bundesmarine to draw on experienced personnel upon its formation.
In 1956, with West Germany's accession to NATO, a new navy was established and was referred to as the Federal Navy (Bundesmarine). With the reunification of Germany in 1990, and the take-over of units of the former East German Volksmarine (People's Navy), it was decided to simply use the name Deutsche Marine ("German Navy").
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Mission
The German Navy is part of the German armed forces (Bundeswehr), and is deeply integrated into the NATO alliance. Its mission includes the participation in peace-keeping and peace enforcement operations as well as the protection of German and Allied territories.
Operations
German war ships permanently participate in all four NATO Maritime Groups. The German Navy is also engaged in operations against international terrorism such as Operation Enduring Freedom and NATO Operation Active Endeavour.
Presently the largest operation the German Navy is participating in is UNIFIL II off the coast of Lebanon. The German contribution to this operation is two frigates, four fast attack craft, and two auxiliary vessels. The naval component of UNIFIL is commanded by a German admiral. There has been reports of Israeli F-16s firing against German ships. Israel denied that the F-16s fired against the ships and stated that it was only overflying the ships.1
Organization
The German Navy is commanded by the Inspekteur der Marine in the Federal Ministry of Defence in Bonn. The major commands are the Fleet Command at Glücksburg near Flensburg and the Naval Office at Rostock. The Fleet is commanded by the Commander-in-Chief German Fleet (CINCGERFLEET) and comprises all combat vessels, aircraft, helicopters and other combat forces, while schools, naval bases and test installations are under the purview of the Naval Office. The strength of the Navy is about 19,000 men and women with another 6,000 navy personnel serving in different elements of the central military organization of the Bundeswehr.
The navy as a part of the Bundeswehr is responsible for developing and providing the maritime capabilities of the German armed forces. Therefore it is operating a number of development and testing installations as part of an inter-service and international network.
The Fleet
- Fleet Command (Flottenkommando), Glücksburg
- 1st Flotilla (Einsatzflottille 1), Kiel
- HQ 1st Flotilla
- Centre of Excellence for Operations in Confined and Shallow Waters (COE CSW)
- 1st Corvette Squadron (1. Korvettengeschwader), Warnemünde
- 1st Submarine Squadron (1. Unterseebootgeschwader), Eckernförde
- Submarine Training Centre (Ausbildungszentrum Unterseeboote), Eckernförde
- 3rd Mine Counter-Measure Squadron (3. Minensuchgeschwader), Kiel
- 7th Fast Patrol Boat Squadron (7. Schnellbootgeschwader), Warnemünde
- 5th Mine Counter-Measure Squadron (5. Minensuchgeschwader), Kiel
- Force Protection Group, (Marineschutzkräfte), Eckernförde
- one HQ & support company
- four Force Protection companies (Marinesicherungskompanie)
- Special Warfare Group, (Spezialisierte Einsatzkräfte Marine), Eckernförde
- HQ & support company
- combat diver company (Kampfschwimmerkompanie)
- clearance diver company (mine counter measures and explosive ordnance disposal; Minentaucherkompanie)
- combat diver support company (KS-Unterstützungskompanie)
- company for special operations (e.g. boarding)
- support company
- special training center
- HQ 1st Flotilla
- 2nd Flotilla (Einsatzflottille 2), Wilhelmshaven
- HQ 2nd Flotilla
- 2nd Frigate Squadron (2. Fregattengeschwader), Wilhelmshaven
- 4th Frigate Squadron (4. Fregattengeschwader), Wilhelmshaven
- Auxiliary Squadron (Trossgeschwader), Wilhelmshaven/Kiel
- Naval Air Wing 3 (Marinefliegergeschwader 3), Nordholz
- Naval Air Wing 5 (Marinefliegergeschwader 5), Kiel
- Naval Medical Institute (Schiffahrtsmedizinisches Institut), Kiel (responsible especially for diving medicine)
- 1st Flotilla (Einsatzflottille 1), Kiel
Naval Office
- Naval Office (Marineamt), Rostock
- Department for Development of the Navy, Bremerhaven
- Navy Schools (Admiral Naval Training)
- Naval Academy (Marineschule Mürwik), Flensburg-Mürwik
- Petty Officer School (Marineunteroffiziersschule), Plön
- Engineering School (Marinetechnikschule), Parow, near Stralsund
- Damage Control Training Centre (Ausbildungszentrum für Schiffssicherung), Neustadt in Holstein
- Operations School (Marineoperationsschule), Bremerhaven
- Supporting Installations (Admiral Naval Logistics)
- Naval Base Command (Marinestützpunktkommando) Wilhelmshaven
- Naval Base Command (Marinestützpunktkommando) Eckernförde
- Naval Base Command (Marinestützpunktkommando) Kiel
- Naval Base Command (Marinestützpunktkommando) Warnemünde
- Naval Test Command (Kommando Truppenversuche der Marine), Eckernförde
- Naval Command & Control Systems Command (Kommando Marineführungssysteme), Wilhelmshaven
Ships and weapons systems
Surface Vessels
- Frigates
- 3 Sachsen class anti-air frigates
- 4 Brandenburg class multi purpose frigates
- 8 Bremen class multi purpose frigates
- Corvettes
- 5 Braunschweig class multi purpose corvettes
- Fast Attack Craft
- Mine Counter-Measure Vessels
- 5 Ensdorf class minesweeper, drone guidance
- 5 Kulmbach class (Type 333) mine hunter
- 9 Frankenthal class (Type 332) mine hunter
- 1 clearance diver support vessel M 1061 Rottweil
- 18 Seehund ROV (remote controlled drones, 2 men crew only for transit) part of the TROIKA PLUS system together with the Ensdorf class minesweepers
Submarines
Auxiliary vessels
- Landing craft
- 2 Barbe class (Type 520) utility landing craft
- Fleet Auxiliary Squadron
- 2 Berlin class (Type 702) multi-product replenishment ship, one more planned
- 2 Walchensee class (Type 703) fleet oiler
- 2 Rhön class (Type 704) fleet oiler
- 6 Elbe class (Type 404) tender
- 3 Oste class (Type 423) electronic surveillance ship
- 2 Wangerooge class (Type 722B) Seeschlepper (sea-going tug)
- 1 Helgoland class (Type 720B) large sea-going tug
- 1 Westerwald (Type 760A) ammunition transport
- Naval Base auxiliary vessels
- 2 Wustrow class (Type 414) harbour tug
- 3 Langeroog class (Type 754) (sea-going tug and diver training boat)
- 1 Sylt class (Type 724) large harbour tug
- 6 Lütje Horn class (Type 725) harbour tug
- 2 Bottsand class (Type 738) oil recovery ship
- Other Auxiliary Vessels
- 3 Helmsand class multi-purpose ship (Type 748) trial and fleet service ships
- 1 Wilhelm Pullwer class (Type 741) trial boat
- 1 Gorch Fock tall ship (Type 441) sail training ship
- 1 Eisvogel class (Type 721) icebreaker
- 1 Planet class research ship (Type 751); SWATH vessel
- 1 Alliance class (Type 753) research ship (NATO vessel under German flag)
Aircraft
| Aircraft | Origin | Type | Versions | In service2 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breguet Atlantic |  France |
signals intelligence | BR 1150 | 3 | to be replaced by 5 Luftwaffe Eurohawk |
| Dornier Do 228 |  Germany |
environmental patrol | 2 | ||
| Lockheed P-3 Orion |  United States |
maritime patrol | P-3C II½ CUP | 8 | former Netherlands Navy Maritime Patrol |
| Westland Lynx |  United Kingdom |
antisubmarine helicopter | Sea Lynx Mk 88 | 22 | |
| Westland Sea King | United Kingdom |
naval helicopter | Sea King Mk 41 | 21 |
Radio and communication stations
Developments
- A first batch of 4 frigates of the F125 class specialised for persistent stabilisation missions is planned to replace some Bremen class (8 guided-missile frigates) ships. Each F125 will have two crews. They will enter service between 2014 and 2017.
- 6 surface combat ships are planned under the name "MÜKE" (Mittlere Überwasserkampfeinheit, "Medium Surface Combatant"), no further details are available.
- Some Joint Support Ships (JSS) are planned.
- One more Berlin class replenishment ship will be ordered in 2008.
- 30 MH90 frigate helicopters are planned to replace 22 Sea King helicopter of Naval Air Wing 5 and some Sea Lynx.
Sources
References
- ^ "Israel denies its F-16s fired on German ship". World Tribune.com (October 26, 2006).
- ^ "World Military Aircraft Inventory", Aerospace Source Book 2007, Aviation Week & Space Technology, January 15, 2007.
External links
- www.marine.de - Offizieller Internetauftritt der Deutschen Marine in German
- www.marine.de/en - Official Website of German Navy in English
- Die Flotte 2006 - official fleet listing and presentation in German and English
Wikilinks
- Kampfschwimmer, combat divers
- List of ships of the German navies
- List of ship classes of the Bundesmarine and Deutsche Marine
- Marineamt
- U-boat
- Volksmarine
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